疾病自然疗法

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中耳炎自然疗法

中耳炎

中耳炎 (Middle ear infections) 是中耳出现疼痛性的炎症,其主要发生于婴儿和幼小儿童,但也能发生于成人。它常跟随感冒、咽喉痛或者其他呼吸系统疾病而发生。

当连接喉咙上部与中耳的咽鼓管被感冒引起的肿胀和分泌的粘液堵塞的时候,液体不断地在鼓膜后积聚,从而为细菌的生长提供了理想的场所。这些液体同时对鼓膜施加压力,造成明显的疼痛。另外,因为液体在中耳的不断积聚使得耳朵内的鼓膜和听小骨难以活动,从而引起暂时性的听力损失。其中的一种称为分泌性中耳炎的并发症可能会引起持续数月的听力损失。急性中耳炎的其他可能出现但比较少见的并发症有乳突炎(耳后骨头的炎症)和脊髓膜炎。

中耳炎

大多数的中耳炎会自行缓解。常规的治疗方法是使用抗生素。但这种治疗方法因为很多原因被批评。首先,尚未发现积极的抗生素治疗能预防浆液性耳炎、肺炎球菌脑膜炎或者听力损失等并发症。另外,抗生素治疗甚至对急性中耳炎本身也并不是很有效。对总共有5400名儿童参与的33项随机试验的综合分析发现:抗生素仅能稍稍加快急性中耳炎的治愈。不过,有耳部感染的儿童都需要及时就医。如果耳部感染发生较频繁,医生可能会在鼓膜中插入一根细小的管子来引流出耳内的液体并降低耳内压力,这方法被称为鼓膜造孔术。

参考文献
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最后修改日期 : 2009-02-12

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